Major thoughts or conclusions on role of intelligence in threat Essay

Significant contemplations or ends on job of knowledge in danger managemenM - Essay Example It is pitiful that the vast majority of the triumphs never get to the prevailing press rather than the disappointments. The organizations work as regressed units that help the legislature in discretion just as during wartime. The help was best seen during the stealthy end of Osama Bin Laden the killed Al Qaeda boss by uncommon powers. In country security and guard, the knowledge shields the general public from security dangers and interruptions that would prompt imperiling of the regular individual, just as the administration. In its different structures, the knowledge works both deliberately and strategically to guarantee that precise data is introduced to the correct specialists as and when required. The procedures associated with the data gathering stages from entrusting, assortment, handling and scattering the data is of basic hugeness to the nation in battling terrorism1. In doing insight obligations, strong help from the police and other government organizations is critical in forestalling future assaults. Checking of the psychological militant exercises as one with the police will guarantee that dangers are countered before they occurred and that most systems are disassembled forthwith. Such harmony requires all arms of the legislature to give the insight organizations and authorities a definitive help feasible for current and future security mechanical assembly of the United States and the world. Indisputably, the insight is a urgent factor in the administration that is regularly confounded once dangers happen however with the necessary help, the pretended by the women and noble men in this feature survive from top generally critical to the US government and

Macbeth by William Shakespeare free essay sample

The paper looks at Macbeths aspiration and want for force and how it prompted his inevitable ruin. 'Macbeth', composed by William Shakespeare, is the unfortunate story of Macbeth, a prudent man, ruined by force and voracity. This longing drives him to kill the ruler yet in addition drives him to uncertainty. This paper dissects his wild aspiration and how these wants assume responsibility for his activities which lead to his ruin. 'All through the play, Macbeths character becomes more grounded as Lady Macbeths will relapses. It even gets to where Macbeth wo exclude his better half in his wretched plans, where at once, it was Lady Macbeth who was executing these plans in his mind in any case. It might be said, the two characters switch jobs. The defining moment for Lady Macbeth is the point at which she learns of her spouses killing of Macduffs family. She understands this is every one of the an aftereffect of her avarice for power, power that prompted the defilement of her significant other and permitted her to make a beast out of a once, in any event, commendable man. We will compose a custom exposition test on Macbeth by William Shakespeare or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In this state, she goes to sleepwalking, which uncovers her blame. 'Out, cursed spot! Out, I state! One, two. Why, at that point 'tis time to spot The thane of Fife had a spouse. Where is she now? What, will these hands neer be perfect?' This blame and distrustfulness in the long run prompts Lady Macbeths brutal passing at her own hands.

Rain is evil

Rain is evil I hate New England. No really, I do. Ask anyone whos had the misfortune to be around me the last few weeks. All I do is complain about the weather. Granted, the weather is not all that different in New Jersey. Except that its a little bit warmer. And a lot more humid. Not nearly as much of this static electricity buildup nonsense thats been driving me crazy lately. Plus, at home, I never have to walk 15 minutes to work/the grocery store/class in the cold. So basically every day Ive been complaining. I hate the winter. And layers. And bulky winter coats. And static electricity. It has no right being this cold out if its not going to snow. And then. Then! Lo and behold, it snowed! It was very.low quality snow. But it snowed. And then is started to hail. And then it started to sleet. And then it started to rain. And then, because the snow on the grass is just snow-like enough to keep from falling apart completely, it creates perfect little dams. And then the rain is free to collect everywhere that people have trampled the increasingly low quality snow into slush. And then the guys whose job it is to shovel snow dont really have snow left to shovel, but they shovel the slush anyway. Oh, and by slush, this is what I mean: Edit: Ruth pointed this out in her comment below- it may be hard to tell from the picture, but thats a minimum of two inches of ice water (much deeper in places), just sitting there waiting for you to have to wade through it. Arg! I am so unhappy about the weather! Also, its apparently going to freeze tonight, which means well be greeted with several inches of solid ice covering every artificial surface when we wake up in the morning. That makes me even more unhappy. So guys, if you live anywhere in the area of this crazy winter (and I use that term loosely.*glowers at the rain*) storm, be careful out there! Coming soon (like really, really soon): the end of IAP (2.670!) and the beginning of spring classes! Whoo-hoo! P.S. Also coming soon: Class of 09 Ring Premiere is this Friday and I am really excited! Expect pictures and stuff! =) (In the meantime, you can read Meliss entry about last years Ring Premiere to get an idea of what Im talking about. There are some great links from her entry for more info.)

Essay about functions assignment

Functions Assignment Question 1. A function assigns a unique output value to every input value. This definition implies that a vertical line cannot intersect a function in more than one place (Stewart). The set of input values is known as the domain of a function. The set of output values is known as the range of a function. An example of a linear function is, f left (x right ) = 4x+3 where 4 and 3 are the slope and vertical intercept of the straight line f(x). The domain of this linear function is all values x can take on, namely, all real numbers. The range is also all real numbers. A parabola is a good example of a quadratic function, f left (x right ) = {x} ^ {2} The vertex of the parabola coincides with the origin of a Cartesian coordinate system. The domain of this function is all real numbers and its range is all positive real numbers, f(x)≠¥0. An example of a third degree polynomial is, f left (x right ) = {x} ^ {3} +3 {x} ^ {2} +2x+1 The domain and range of this polynomial are all positive real numbers. The exponential function is defined as, f left (x right ) = {e} ^ {x} The domain of the exponential function is all real numbers and its range corresponds to all positive real numbers. The natural logarithm is a good example of a logarithmic function and is defined as, f left (x right ) = ln {x} The domain of the natural logarithm is all positive real numbers, x0. The range is all real numbers. The trigonometric functions are good examples of periodic functions. For instance, the sine function, f left (x right ) = sin {x} It repeats every 2Ï€ radians. The domain of the sine function is all real numbers. The range is -1 ≠¤ f(x) ≠¤ 1. Question 2. The electrical activity of the human heart can be monitored by means of an Electrocardiogram (ECG). An example of ECG signal is shown in Figure 1. The signal was retrieved from National Instruments website (â€Å"National Instruments: Test, Measurement, and Embedded Systems†). The electrical heartbeats are represented by the voltage amplitude (dependent variable) over time (independent variable). The figure shows that heartbeats exhibit nearly periodic behavior. Strong beats repeat approximately every 1.6 seconds. Figure 1. Example of hearts electrical activity. Question 3. The displacement of a piston in an internal combustion engine is represented by a periodic function, f left (t right ) = A sin {ωt} where ω is referred to as the angular frequency and has units of radians per second (rad/s). The independent variable is time t (s). A stands for the amplitude and describes the magnitude of the maximum displacement of the piston. The amplitude is a constant value. One cycle takes place when the crack (a linkage connecting the engine shaft and piston) turns through 2Ï€ radians. In other words, the sine function repeats itself when ωT=2Ï€, where T is the period, so this time is defined as, T= {2Ï€} over {ω} The frequency is the inverse of the period and it is measured in s-1 or hertz (hz) f= {1} over {T} For example, a period of 10s means a frequency of 1 every 10 seconds. The average value of function f(x) over an interval [a,b,] is defined as, F = {1} over {b-a} int from {a} to {b} {f(x)dx} The above expression can be used to calculate the average displacement over one cycle of the piston [0,T], F = {1} over {T} int from {0} to {T} {A sin {{2Ï€t} over {T}} dt=} {1} over {T} {left [- {T} over {2Ï€} cos {{2Ï€t} over {T}} right ]} rsub {0} rsup {T} =- {1} over {2Ï€} left [cos {2Ï€} cos {0} right ] =0 Question 4. The inverse of a function ( f -1) takes on a value from the range of f and assigns a single value from its domain. The inverse of a function exist only if a horizontal line does not intersect the function f in more than one place. This is not satisfied for the case of periodic functions like the sinusoidal displacement of a piston, y=f left (t right ) = A sin {ωt} The domain of sin ωt has to be restricted in order to define the inverse function. It can be worked out as follows, {sin} ^ {-1} {left ({y} over {A} right ) =ωt} {{f} ^ {-1} (y) = t = {1} over {ω} sin} ^ {-1} {left ({y} over {A} right )} The inverse function holds as long as, {Ï€} over {2} ≠¤ {y} over {A} ≠¤ {Ï€} over {2} In a given cycle of the piston, the inverse function provides the time for which the piston is displaced y length units. Question 5. Part 1. The Richter scale is a scientific tool to measure the intensity of an earthquake (â€Å"Khan Academy | Khan Academy†). The following facts summarize the main features of the Richter scale: The Richter scale measures the earthquake magnitude. The intensity or amplitude of the ground motion is collected at the measuring stations. The maximum ground motion detected at a measuring station can be plotted against the distance to the epicenter. The Moment Magnitude Scale (MMS) was calibrated to the Richter scale. MMS is related to the energy released by earthquakes. Unfortunately, strong and weak earthquakes do not fit on the same plot if a linear scale is used. The Richter scale employs a logarithmic scale in order to present the data on the same chart. The Richter scale can be used to compare the magnitude of two earthquakes. For instance, the 5.8 earthquake that took place on the east coast of US in 2011and the 9.0 earthquake off the coast of Japan in the same year. Both magnitudes are reported on a logarithmic scale so the difference between these two earthquakes is not 3.2 but 103.2 (3.2 powers of 10). It means the earthquake in Japan was about 1600 times stronger than the east coast earthquake. Part 2. Table 1 summarizes the facts about the earthquakes chosen to draw a comparison. Date Location of epicenter Richter magnitude scale (M) 25 September 2013 Southwestern Pakistan 7.7 27 February 2010 Central Chile (near city of Concepcià ³n) 8.8 Table 1. Earthquake information. Part 3. Quantitative comparison of the two earthquakes. The equation for Richter magnitude can be written as, M = {log} rsub {10} {A} where A is the amplitude in millimeters directly measured from a seismograph. The equation may also include a distance correction factor originally used by Richter. It is omitted for the sake of clarity. The Richter magnitude of Pakistans 2013 earthquake can be related to its amplitude by, 7.7 = {log} rsub {10} {{A} rsub {Pakistan}} The equation above can be written as an exponential equation, that is, the amplitude read in the seismograph, {A} rsub {Pakista n} = {10} ^ {7.7} Similarly, the magnitude of Chiles 2010 earthquake can be mathematically written as, 8.8 = {log} rsub {10} {{A} rsub {Chile}} It can also be recast as an exponential equation, {A} rsub {Chile} = {10} ^ {8.8} The ratio of exponential expressions can be used to compare the intensities of earthquakes, {{A} rsub {Chile}} over {{A} rsub {Pakistan}} = {{10} ^ {8.8}} over {{10} ^ {7.7}} =12.6 It can be concluded that Chiles earthquake was 12.6 times as intense as the recently ground motion in Pakistan. Task 1. The exponential function ex can be written as an infinite Taylor series about x=0. The Taylor series is, {e} ^ {x} =1+x+ {{x} ^ {2}} over {2!} + {{x} ^ {3}} over {3!} + {{x} ^ {4}} over {4!} +†¦ {{x} ^ {n}} over {n!} +†¦ It can be used to approximate the value of e1 up to n= 10. The results are shown in Table 2. The approximation value for e1 up to 10 decimal places is obtained when n = 15, e = 2.7182818285 n Approximation for e 1 1 2 2 3 2.5 4 2.666666667 5 2.708333333 6 2.7166666667 7 2.7180555556 8 2.7182539683 9 2.7182787698 10 2.7182815256 Table 2. Approximation value for e. Works Cited â€Å"Khan Academy | Khan Academy.† N. p., n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2013. â€Å"National Instruments: Test, Measurement, and Embedded Systems.† N. p., n.d. Web. 3 Dec. 2013. Stewart, J. Calculus. Brooks/Cole, 2009.

Changes in Foreign Policies, Culture, and Domestic...

The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 changed the skyscape of New York City. They also changed the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the United States. September 11th showed Americans that not even the strongest military country in the world can protect its citizens from terrorism. The changes in America since 9/11 have not only impacted Americans but have impacted citizens of other nations worldwide. This infamous day in history had the power to turn the world upside down in only a matter of hours. U.S. foreign policy, specifically our relationships with other countries, was significantly changed after September 11th. After the terrorist attacks on this day of 2001, most nations were ready to accept†¦show more content†¦These countries saw the war on terror as a multilateral effort, one requiring the cooperation of many countries and the efforts of many agencies. Instead, President Bush shunned offers of help from U.S. allies, with the exceptions of Britain and Australia, in waging the Afghanistan war. In December 2001, President Bush announced that the United States was withdrawing from the ABM Treaty. The White House blocked international efforts to strengthen the biological Weapons Convention, even though the anthrax attacks in the fall of 2001 demonstrated the dangers of biological terrorism. President Bush announced his doctrine of preemption that insisted on Americas right to attack potential foes before they could harm the U.S. He then waged war on Iraq, invoking this as a legitimate response to 9/11 and as a preemptive strike on Weapons of Mass Destruction. When confronted with objections from many other world powers, President Bush then supported the invasion of Iraq on humanitarian grounds, freeing the Iraqi people from a brutal dictator. In responding to the terrorism of 9/11, the United States has invoked a right to unilateral action that undermines the international framework of cooperation and law and shows a disdain for the rest of the world. Even before 9/11, the U.S. outspent the next 15 countries for defense. The military budget was sharply increased after 9/11 toShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Domestic Politics On German Foreign And Security Policy1648 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss the impact domestic politics has on German foreign and security policy. Germany is arguably one of the key global political actors. It’s extremely prominent, especially within international relations, and is also regarded as being economically, politically and geographically at the center of Europe. 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China, different from the United States in many ways, has only one political party within the government, referring as the Communist Party of China (CPC). Having ruled the country since 1949, the CPC greatly shapes what Chinese people know about the government, the history, as well as the domestic and foreign news. Although the Chinese government keeps denying having introduced censorship for years, the Reporters Without Boarders and other foreign media alreadyRead MoreEssay about HIST 1302 FINAL EXAM REVIEW1343 Words   |  6 Pagesautomobile production. d. The baby boom. 2. The mood of the â€Å"Beat Generation’ is best reflected in which Jack Kerouac’s On the Road. 3. The decade of the 1950’s was characterized by women doing what? 4. All of the following were reasons why a consumer culture appeared in the 1950’s a. The creation of credit cards and easy payment plans. b. An increased ability of advertisers to create demand for new products. c. 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The Psychological Impact on Children Soldiers Free Essays

Some are abducted or forcibly recruited, others are driven to Join by poverty, abuse and discrimination, or to seek revenge for violence enacted against hem or their families. There is legislation in place that makes illegal any involvement of children under age 18 in hostilities, however it is still rampant throughout the world. The use of Children in war is an epidemic that has plagued humanity since the earliest civilizations and has developed through time. We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychological Impact on Children Soldiers or any similar topic only for you Order Now In medieval times in Europe, young boys from about twelve years of age were used as military aids called squires, though their role in actual combat was supposed to be limited. In 1212, the Estevez 2 Children’s Crusade rounded up thousands of children, with the notion that they will ucceed in battle due to divine powers that will ensure their victory. In 1814, Napoleon was faced with an invasion and recruited many teenagers for his armies aged between fourteen and seventeen. During the 1800’s and the age of sail, young boys formed part of the crew of British Royal Navvy ships and responsible for many important tasks. Even during the Civil War a 15 year old received the Medal of Honor for his acts during the Civil War Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest day in American history. People under the age of eighteen fought in world war one and world war two, even beside the fact it was illegal. They had age restrictions, but due to the patriotism, of the boys, and the conditions of England they accepted some and others passed by into the military. In Cambodia, during the Vietnam War, a communist group exploited thousands of desensitized children, recruiting them to commit mass murders and other inhuman acts during the genocide in Cambodia. They were brainwashed and taught to follow any orders without any hesitation. I find this a betrayal of the responsibility adults have towards children. In the 16th and 17th centuries, childhood began to be recognized as a different state then adulthood. Society began to see children not as miniature adults, but as a person of a lower level of maturity needing the protection, love, and nurturing of an adult to guide them through that stage of their lives. This was the change in society that transitioned to children being given less responsibility than adults. The division Estevez 3 of children and adults became officially recognized, however it didn’t eliminate the abuse of children. The use of children in battle and wars has been around for a long time, but has taken a new form in todays society due to the improvement of technology. The early 1900’s are regarded as a huge development of war weapons, with the creation of the fully automatic rifle. Through the century, they have involvement of children in modern conflicts that typically involve irregular forces; they usually target civilians. 80% of the fighting forces composed of child soldiers, this is one characterization of the ‘new wars,’ which constitute the dominant form of violent conflict that has emerged only over the last few decades† (Schauer and Elbert). The motivation for armies or soldiers to recruit children to be use in war is that children have a limited ability to asses risk. It is easier to manipulate the mind of a child than it is a min d of an adult. They have feelings of invulnerability, shortsightedness, and cost less money. Children receive fewer resources, including less and smaller weapons and equipment. They are more likely to get killed or injured in the front lines than their adult counter parts. Children and young adults who are facing poverty, starvation, unemployment, and ethnic or political persecution, can be lured by the idea of becoming a soldier to escape the pain they feel. In interviews from â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Child Soldiering† they say, â€Å"that hildren are more malleable and adaptable. Thus, they are Estevez 4 easier to indoctrinate, as their moral development is not yet completed and they tend to listen to authorities without questioning them† (Schauer and Elbert). The conflicts that use children in the battlefield usually start by the breakdown of a government. It becomes difficult to identify those who are recruiting and using children as soldiers, making it difficult to influence them to stop. Child soldiers typically raised in environments of severe violence are often made to commit the worst cruelties and atrocities. The children would be repeatedly exposed to these traumatic stress’, during the most crucial stages of development. This caused mental and physical damages changing their personalities. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is also a common disorder found in children solders, because they are so young they become deprived from a normal and healthy development, impairing their integration into society as a fully functioning being. During the twentieth century the proportion of civilian casualties in armed conflicts has continually increased and is now estimated to be more than ninety percent. Half of the casualties are children, and more than 2 million died as a result of armed conflicts over the last decade. In addition to that, at least 6 million children have been seriously injured and between 8,000 and 10,000 children are killed by landmines every year (UNICEF, 2005). Seven of the ten countries with the highest rates of deaths of children under the age of five are due to the affects of armed conflicts in the countries. Estevez 5 In â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Child Soldiering†, they interview three people who had been child soldiers. The first interview was of a sixteen year old boy who had een an active recruit for three years since the age of thirteen, for the group, Mai- Mat. His recruitment process was a lot more civil than the other two. He stated that, â€Å"l was frightened, since our home was attacked almost every night by bandits and other rebel groups as well, what did I have to lose? Also my parents were too poor to send me to school anymore my mind was made up fast, I Joined my friends and from that boy had served five years after being recruited at age fourteen. He says, â€Å"350 strokes were given on my back and buttocks. After a while the pain was so big that I felt that t would be better if I was dead†¦.. But then I heard a loud voice: â€Å"Get up. † I tried, but I couldn’t sit. I kneeled for almost one hour. I realized that all other children around me had died in the beating. I could see them lying still and not breathing† (Schauer and Elbert 7-8). The next boy was recruited at 13 and served three years as a child soldier, he explains how they would kill other soldiers as punishment, â€Å"When people did something really wrong, they got killed as a punishment .. .1 have seen 5 people being killed for severe disobedience during my time with the group. They were crucified in the forest. Nailed to trees at their hands and feet higher up on tall trees. The nails were thick ones, you would first nail through the palms of the hand and later through the feet† (Schauer and Elbert). Estevez 6 It may seem to the individual that some children Join these groups with their own free will, but in a psychological and social point of view, children’s choices to Join and remain in armed groups cannot be considered Voluntary. There are reasons or circumstances that may lead children to be more accessible to Join a militant group. How to cite The Psychological Impact on Children Soldiers, Papers

Child labour and Early childhood - Primary education

Question: Discuss about child labour and early childhood / primary education? Answer: Child labour has become a severe problem for the society as the numbers have been increasing at an alarming rate. According to Munene and Ruto (2010), 211 million child workers can be found throughout the world who are within 14 years old. The child labour of age group 15-17 years can reach 141 million in future. The main challenge of child labour is associated with the Sub-Saharan African countries where the percentage of a child as a worker is 29 (Ikwuyatum 2010). However the developed countries are facing this problem at a smaller scale. In this context, the definition of the term child labour may be understood as the deprivation of childhood as well as loss of a child's right both physically and mentally. The condition of under aged working children in different sectors in the different countries may not be the same for every country. The labours attended the age of 18 years may be used in the hazardous industry. It becomes abolition of the children when they are used in those ha zardous works (World report on child labour 2013). Primary education is one of the significant rights of the children in their early childhood. United Nations Convention has modelled the program like Education for all. The program eyed to provide financial support in the underdeveloped countries. The program has the aim to educate people up to primary level. Thereby, the system of compulsory education to all children in the underdeveloped countries may provide children primary schooling. This has been considered as a remedy for reducing child labour in countries like Nigeria, where 40% of the workers are children (Ikwuyatum 2010). The argument has a proven record of accomplishment from the history of the industrial country in the 19th century (Holloway and Pimlott-Wilson 2011). Every country across the globe believes that implementation of compulsory education for children can abolish child labour. The availability of child labour can be reduced by engaging the children in the schoo ls during the school-hour. . However, some of the socialists have doubted the impact and effectiveness of compulsory primary education for the children in reducing the child workers (Haile and Haile 2012). They think that poverty and economic condition of the household influence to a greater extent. The appalling working conditions of children gave rise to many criticisms. Herath and Sharma (2007) opined that child labour deprived the children of their childhood. He extended his argument towards the economic and health-related exploitation for the child workers. The side-effects of using the child labours at working place reduce the overall rate of wages for the workers. It is also the reason of low wage rate and production cost in many countries throughout the globe. A child labour may work in the different sectors such as agriculture, household, construction and manufacturing. Society believes that working makes individuals responsible for themselves and their family. Therefore, the social scientists had divided the list of child labours into two categories - good and bad activities (Tetteh 2011). Children learn valuable skills at the workplace, which they can apply in their lives in future. It is a kind of education to them. The working children must gather practical educatio n from their workplaces. It worked as a catalyst to grow their mental strength as well as the economic condition (World report on child labour 2013). Feelings of the children may vary with respect to their work. The factor of working age or workable age for children varies from nation to nation. International Labour Organisation (ILO) Convention had mentioned 15 years as the standard for the minimum age for the children to work (Morrow and Vennam 2010). However, they may start at age 14 as an apprentice. The developed, as well as the developing countries, are following the same rule. However, the convention made age 13 (12 for developing countries) as the initial working age of light works. All the countries must maintain age 18 as the initial age for the labours to work in the hazardous industry (Morrow and Vennam 2010). The issue in child worker is not only their age, but also the types of activities they do in the industry. It has been observed that children are used in industries like construction, manufacturing, agricultural, fishing and domestic services where a broad range of activities are associated with these fields of workings. In the developing countries like India and Thailand the culture of the society, is to use the child labour in a variety of works. Munene and Ruto(2010) found that child labours are used in many of the informal sectors as their the restriction is lesser than that of the formal sector. The informal activities make the working of the children unofficial in front of the world and the authority. The informal industry has made the children work without any legal wages. Moreover, they are paid below the minimum line of wages. The jobs are unsecured and have no security in the form of health Bill, in the instance of an injury. However, a different scenario can be seen in the case of the formal sector, where using of child labour is restricted by the laws and regulations made by the government. Tetteh (2011) saw that trade unions were also a constraint in authorising the adult labours in the workplace. The skill also became a factor for the children to work in the formal sectors like heavy industry whereas the skilled labours were necessary for effective usage of the tools applicable to the sites. Finally, she also discovered that poor physical strength of the children also restricted them to work in the formal industry. The causes and the effect of using child labour in different sectors can be found in the past reviews made by various researchers. Holloway and Pimlott-Wilson (2011) found that many of the parents did not send their children to school to avoid the expenses on education. Therefore, he mentioned that the government had to provide the primary level of education free of cost. This scheme might encourage the parents to send their children to school. The policy of the government was solely responsible for the rural and the economically poor region for sending the children to the schools. The researchers had found that attendance at the primary level classes in many countries was high by virtue of the free classes and the support that the poor received (Kevin 2005). The support for food and basic educational materials can be provided free of cost with education at the primary level by the nation. The policy has become very popular in developing countries like India. This has enabled in the mitigation and eradication of numerous social evils as found by the researchers (Kondylis and Manacorda 2012). The society has witnessed of increasing numbers of studies to understand the value created by free education up to primary level. The support provided to the poor families to educate their children had created the values in society. It has reduced social problems like child labour to a great extent (Ray 2002). There are numerable informal services sectors present which are using children as their primary workforce. The results may be against the official laws as well as the nourishment of the childhood. The many researchers have observed the widespread use of the children in domestic service in the Asian countries. Ahmmed, Sharma and Deppeler(2012) have found that girls are widely used in the domestic services like house cleaning, cooking, washing and taking care of the sick. These child labours are working without any social or employment protection in the domestic services. They are also vulnerable to any exploitation or abusive behaviour from their employers. Shoe-polishing and gathering saleable objects from the garbage are some activities in the informal sector where child labours is used (Brasted and Wright 1996). More examples can be observed from developing countries as the instances are increasing in spite of economic growth in the countries. In Northeast Brazil, the children serv ed as water carriers to homes. The age of these, children are within 10-14 years (Bromley and Mackie 2009). The older children typically start working by selling flowers and objects (cigarettes, candy, newspapers and household goods) on the streets. The children may be self-employed or may serve their relatives at their workplaces (Thabet et al., 2010). However, the scenario is worse for the girls as they work as prostitutes, drug peddlers and beggars in many places. The children become earning member after age 12 in the family in the North-eastern region of the country. It is the customs and culture to contribute economically after a child attend the age 9 (World report on child labour 2013). The quality of the basic education may bring harmony in the society to reduce the differences and inequalities in the society. The policy is the yield of the movement of World Conference on Education in 1990. The main objective of this movement was to reduce the illiteracy level. However, Le et al. (2013) found that this movement has been effectively used for reducing the child labour, child trafficking and exploitation related to the children in the society. The program Education for all had the various challenges. The challenges were not limited to make the society illiterate-free. The empirical studies of many researchers have supported this movement as it has been used to decrease the rate of child labour per year in many countries. We may understand the scenario of education and child labour in African region from the following example. Nigeria accounts for 6 million child labour in the country (Ikwuyatum 2010). The girls dropped out from school or never attended the place of education are working in different sectors. The age of those girls are below 15 (Ikwuyatum 2010). The reason is poverty and the social inequality. Therefore, since early childhood these girls are engaged in contributing to the family and its income regularly. Teichert (2015) observed that child hood of the girls were deprived due to earning for their families. They faced the challenges like malnutrition and infertility in future. The country has witnessed that more than 8 million children work in order to raise funds for their schooling expenses (Ikwuyatum 2010). The cases of school dropout was higher than that of starting the program Education for all in the country. The enrolment rate in the primary classes was relatively low while 43.5% of the primary students enrolled to commit in the higher classes (Ikwuyatum 2010). The progress was observed in this context after implementing UPE in the country. Others scheme in this regard were UBE and EFA. The UBE was enacted from 1999 in the country in which first nine years of the schooling was free. The mass school enrolment was observed after introducing free lunch in the schools for the pupil. The students enrolled in the classes were provided with free basic educational materials and the textbooks. It helped the programme to secure the importance in the society as well as encourage the parents of the children to enrol their child in the schools. The similar condition had been witnessed in Ethiopia where the school enrolment rate was one of the lowest in the world (Ikwuyatum 2010). The recent survey had expressed the concern regarding the school attendance in Ethiopia by the children. The attendance rate in the schools was only 38% of the entire population. According to the survey it was observed that 40% of the age between the years 13 and 17 had never gone to school (Ikwuyatum 2010). The possible solution to reduce the child workers in the society was found to implement the primary education compulsory for the under aged children. It also provided the society relief from many concerns such as violation of human rights on the female and children as well. Laborda Castillo, Sotelsek Salem and Sarr (2014) found that school dropouts among the female were high due to poverty in the family. He argued for different ways to generate income so that poverty can be reduced in the entire society. Girls in the society may become strong part of the system while introducing to education to them. They may become strong economically as well as physically by having basic education. In this way, they might gain confidence for their livelihood. It reduces the social problems such as girls trafficking and physical violation against them. The education and school attendance of the female in the society have improved the situation in the rural areas. In addition to this, the issue relat ed to child labour can be controlled in this manner. Dal Santo, Bowling and Harris (2010) found that the girls were heavily engaged in the household labours. The informal segment of child labour was the main resource of child molestation and sexual violation against the young women. However, providing food and study materials free of cost by the nation may become a solution to this problem. The countries like Nigeria and India have enjoyed success of implementing the policy in reducing the child labour through its mission of educating all in the society. In the peak agricultural season, the attendance of student might be low in the schools of rural area. Children of both genders used in agriculture as the helping hand to reduce the expenses of agriculture. There has been a shift in the focus due to the increase in the occurrences of sexual abuse and exploitation faced by such children across the globe. The anti-social elements of the society such as the mafia in the developed and developing countries are using young children for sexual gratification. Abuya, Oketch and Musyoka (2013) observed that street children were overtly used in such occupation by coercion used by such anti-social elements who have the support of the local authority. He expressed the situation as the loss of childhood and development of disordered psychology for the next generation. The topic of child labour could be controversial in the context of different countries. The discussion from the different researchers has made it clear that the situation is almost same for any country despite having different cultural background. Children has become an instrument to reduce the expenses of the activities in various fields. The circumstances can be found vigorously in the developing countries where the labour payment has become an issue for the investors. However, the informal sector is the main employer of the child workforce. The numbers are unknown. Moreover the cases of molestation, abusive torture and sexual exploitation are high. The social scientists have argued for applying low level of child-labours in the formal sectors. They have found that many authorities scanned the system to prevent the management to use children as labour. The unions also play a great level of authority in reducing the child labour in the formal industry. Primary education may nourish the childhood of children. It can protect them from external harmony as well. However, the main problem exists with the expenses related to education in the underdeveloped countries where the parents are reluctant to send their children to the school. Therefore, the government has to provide subsidies like free class, reading materials and food to draw the children to the schools. In this way, the rate of attendance in the schools in primary level can be increased as well as the mission of Education for all can be successfully implemented. References Abuya, B., Oketch, M. and Musyoka, P., 2013. Why do pupils dropout when education is free? Explaining school dropout among the urban poor in Nairobi.Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 43(6), pp.740-762. Ahmmed, M., Sharma, U. and Deppeler, J., 2012.Variables affecting teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education in Bangladesh.Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 12(3), pp.132-140. Anon, 2013.World report on child labour.Geneva: International Labour Office. Brasted, H. and Wright, D., 1996. Why worry about child labour?.Asian Studies Review, 19(3), pp.53-58. Bromley, R. and Mackie, P., 2009. Child experiences as street traders in Peru: contributing to a reappraisal for working children.Children's Geographies, 7(2), pp.141-158. Dal Santo, J., Bowling, J. and Harris, T., 2010. Effects of Work Permits on Illegal Employment Among Youth Workers: Findings of a School-Based Survey on Child Labor Violations. Am J Public Health, 100(4), pp.635-637. Haile, G. and Haile, B., 2012. Child labour and child schooling in rural Ethiopia: nature and trade-off. Education Economics, 20(4), pp.365-385. Herath, G. and Sharma, K., 2007. Child labour in South Asia. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. Holloway, S. and Pimlott-Wilson, H., 2011. The politics of aspiration: neo-liberal education policy, low parental aspirations, and primary school Extended Services in disadvantaged communities. Children's Geographies, 9(1), pp.79-94. Ikwuyatum, G.O., Child Labour and The Progress Towards The Attainment of the Education For All (EFA) Goals in Nigeria, 2010. kerin, R., 2005. Book Review: New Literacies: Changing Knowledge and Classroom Learning, What Video Games Have to Teach Us about Learning and Literacy, Multimodal Literacy.Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 5(2), pp.175-184. Kondylis, F. and Manacorda, M., 2012.School Proximity and Child Labor: Evidence from Rural Tanzania.Journal of Human Resources, 47(1), pp.32-63. Laborda Castillo, L., Sotelsek Salem, D. and Sarr, L., 2014. The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children.Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 28(2), pp.162-181. Le, H., Hodgkins, P., Postma, M., Kahle, J., Sikirica, V., Setyawan, J., Erder, M. and Doshi, J., 2013.Economic impact of childhood/adolescent ADHD in a European setting: the Netherlands as a reference case.European Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 23(7), pp.587-598. Morrow, V. and Vennam, U., 2010.Combining Work and School: The Dynamics of Girls Involvement in Agricultural Work in Andhra Pradesh, India.Children Society, 24(4), pp.304-314. Munene, I. and Ruto, S., 2010. The Right to Education for Children in Domestic Labour: Empirical Evidence from Kenya.International Review of Education, 56(1), pp.127-147. Ray, J., 2002. Constructivism and classroom teachers: What can early childhood teacher educators do to support the constructivist journey?.Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 23(4), pp.319-325. Soares, R., Kruger, D. and Berthelon, M., 2012.Household Choices of Child Labor and Schooling: A Simple Model with Application to Brazil.Journal of Human Resources, 47(1), pp.1-31. Teichert, L., 2015. Wohlwend K, Literacy playshop: new literacies, popular media, and play in the early childhood classroom.Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 15(1), pp.141-144. Tetteh, P., 2011. Child Domestic Labour in (Accra) Ghana: A Child and Gender Rights Issue?.The International Journal of Children's Rights, 19(2), pp.217-232. Thabet, A., Matar, S., Carpintero, A., Bankart, J. and Vostanis, P., 2010.Mental health problems among labour children in the Gaza Strip.Child: Care, Health and Development, 37(1), pp.89-95.

U.S. Steel Tariffs free essay sample

An opinion essay defending U.S. Steel tariffs recently imposed by the Bush administration on imported steel. This paper explains the U.S. Steel tariffs and when and why they were put in place. It presents an argument defending the tariffs, and discusses how these tariffs impact international business and world wide relations for the United States. On March 5, 2002, the Bush administration imposed a 30 percent tariff on steel imports over the next three years. The tariffs exclude members of the North American Free Trade Agreement, including Canada and Mexico. Imports from developing nations that account for less than 3 percent of the total for individual steel product lines are also excluded. Duties ranging from 8 percent to 30 percent took effect on March 20, 2002. The tariffs cover flat-rolled steel and other steel product imports from countries including Brazil, South Korea, Japan, Russia, Germany, Turkey, France, China, Australia, and the Netherlands and will remain in place for three years (Bush 2002). We will write a custom essay sample on U.S. Steel Tariffs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page President Bush faced few alternatives to save the nations beleaguered steel industry. United States trade representative, Robert Zoellick, expressed that the American steel industry was basically up against the wall and that Bushs actions would restore the strength and profitability of the industry. Approximately thirty-one steel companies have filed for bankruptcy since 1998, the year of the Asian financial crisis that prompted a flood of cheap steel into the United States, causing steel prices to tumble to 20 year lows. The Bush administration defended import restrictions as an effort to eliminate some of the 200 million tons of global excess steel-making capacity (Bush 2002). Originally demanding 40 percent tariffs over four years, the U.S. steel makers seem content with the imposed 30 percent over three years. The Bush administration faced strong political pressure to protect the industry from the crushing effects of imports from the political battleground states such as Penn sylvania, Ohio and Illinois (Bush 2002).

Abraham Lincoln Essays

Abraham Lincoln Essays Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln BY cbailey7262 Abraham Lincolns killer, John Wilkes Booth, was a Maryland native born in 1838 who remained in the North during the Civil War despite his Confederate sympathies. As the conflict entered its final stages, he and several associates hatched a plot to kidnap the president and take him to Richmond, the Confederate capital. However, on March 20, 1865, the day of the planned kidnapping, Lincoln failed to appear at the spot where Booth and his six fellow conspirators lay in wait. Two weeks later, Richmond fell to Union forces. In April, with Confederate armies near collapse across the South, Booth came up with a desperate plan to save the Confederacy. Learning that Lincoln was to attend Laura Keenes acclaimed performance of Our American Cousin at Fords Theatre in Washington, D. C. , on April 14, Booth†himself a well-known actor at the time†masterminded the simultaneous assassination of Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of State William H. Seward. By urdering the president and two of his possible successors, Booth and his co- conspirators hoped to throw the U. S. government into disarray. Lincoln occupied a private box above the stage with his wife Mary, a young army officer named Henry Rathbone and Rathbones fianc? ©, Clara Harris, the daughter of New York Senator Ira Harris. The Lincolns arrived late for the comedy, but the president was reportedly in a fine mood and laughed heartily during the production. At 10:15, Booth slipped into the box and fired his . -caliber single-shot derringer into the back of Lincolns head. After stabbing Rathbone, who immediately rushed at him, in the shoulder, Booth leapt onto the stage and shouted, Sic semper tyrannis! (Thus ever to tyrants! -the Virginia state motto). At first, the crowd interpreted the unfolding drama as part of the production, but a scream from the first lady told them otherwise. Although Booth broke his leg in the fall, he managed to leave the theater and escape from W ashington on horseback.

Amazon.com 2002 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Amazon.com 2002 - Assignment Example The ability to operate online gives Amazon access to global retail market, something that competitors find difficult to replicate with the enhancements provided by Amazon. Where many companies have adopted E-commerce model, the application of this concept embedded with rich experience offered by Amazon is difficult to achieve. A careful analysis would reveal that Amazon has been constantly expanding and transforming its business processes to ensure that the customer gets ultimate satisfaction. Development of zshop and marketplace segment is one such example that allows customers to have access not only to the products of Amazon but have a wide range of variety to make a selection from. Hiring third parties for logistics is also one of such examples which would ensure speedy delivery and ultimate customer satisfaction. Amazon has shown commitment to continuously improve and evolve its business processes which includes consistent efforts and investments in research and development. Des igning and customizing an interface which would portray a wide range of products with unlimited filters and separate logs with web-pages for different producers, merchandisers and sellers displays Amazon’s commitment to provide convenience to the customers. Later on, Amazon decided to invest on designing another interface which allowed all its product details and suppliers to be visible on the same page. Such transformation involved a great deal of research and development because of the varying nature of suppliers, their businesses and also their product lines. Amazon is known for exploring the opportunities offered by technological advancements. It began with a pure-play business model however with the expansion in business and need for better inventory management, it transformed into e-commerce model which had order taking, processing and remediation executed

The Mountain Man Brewing Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Mountain Man Brewing Company - Essay Example As a result, Chris Prangel, the company’s new manager is faced with tough decisions which he has to make. This is because of the desire to convince his father, the company’s founder, and other executives that the new brand can achieve success in the market without negative market impacts on the traditional beer. It is in this regard that a marketing campaign with an integrated marketing approach is recommended in this paper as a way of aiding Prangel’s decision making. Market Report The market that is presented in this case is that of a beer company which is faced with a challenge and dilemma in marketing its new brand. This challenge results from the desire to promote the new brand without affecting the positive image of quality and authenticity which the traditional brand has received from its consumers in the market. This market report is presented in form of an analysis of the business case with an aim of coming up with the most appropriate recommendation for the company’s new manager for solving the challenges and dilemmas that the company is faced with. ... The response that Prangel wants to implement as a result of the decline in sales is the introduction of a new brand, the Mountain Man Light, which is targeted at the youth. Prangel’s decision seems to have yielded fruits because a 4% annual growth of the new brand was registered within the US. Nonetheless the performance of the traditional brands continues to decline. A focus group study on the company’s market by a regional advertising agency reveals that the preferences of various consumers in different age groups vary. The older generation preferred the traditional Mountain Man Lager while the younger generation desired the Mountain Man Light. Chris Prangel is in a marketing dilemma in deciding between the marketing of Mountain Man Light as oppose to the traditional Mountain Man Lager brand. Mountain Man Lager was very successful by 2005. This is demonstrated by the fact that the beer sold over 520, 000 barrels which earned the company more than $50 million. Moreover the brand had grown into the top of Virginia’s beer market. It is notable that in the beer business, the brand plays the major role in defining the decision of consumers for purchase and consumption of a specific brand. However , multiple other factors such as taste, quality, price, occasion, tradition, brand image and authenticity play major roles in the decisions of consumers. Authenticity of the Mountain Man Lager was the main approach that was used by the company in marketing its brand by the demonstration of its rich family history to the consumers. The success of the Mountain Man brand was specifically a success because of the target of the company on the blue collar consumers. This made the brand popular among working class men in Virginia. The fact that Mountain Man Lager was a

Manufacturing process of pizza

Manufacturing process of pizza Operations Our products at Prima Pizza will be produced in the kitchen area of the premises whilst our services will be offered at the front. Prima Pizza will adopt two main types of production. The first will be line production, as our pizzas will be made fresh, there will be a line of production. This is will be the employees that shape the dough into pizza bases. They will then pass the bases onto the employees that will add the required toppings onto the pizza and place them in the oven. The second method of production is batch production. This method will be used when producing the dough used for the pizza bases. Each day a set amount of dough will be made in order to satisfy customer demand. As dough can be stored overnight there will be no risk of over production or wastage. There will be three sets of batch production one for each size pizza. A number of measures will need to be taken to ensure Prima Pizza delivers the highest quality to its customers. There are many different ways to implement this. As Prima Pizza also offers a delivery service, our quality control will need to expand to outside of the business premises. Quality will ensure customer satisfaction and also save money. Quality control must be implemented in all aspects of the business and used by all employees. These techniques will include using all material responsibly and therefore reducing scrap material and wastage. The products must also be made to a certain quality level, if this is not done, products may have to be made again to satisfy customers. External quality control is also very important. Prima Pizza must maintain its quality even if the product has left the premises. This is especially important on deliveries, as the food must be of the same quality when it leaves the premises and when it arrives at its destination. Prima Pizza has estimated that from ordering a product it will take no longer than 20 minutes for the finished product to be made and given to the customer. We have estimated that for products on delivery the time will be no more than 45 minutes. Fresh goods will be delivered to Prima Pizzas premises everyday; this will include the majority of the pizza toppings and meat produce. Prima pizza will pride itself in ensuring that all our products are the freshest, and therefore the tastiest. Deliveries will be made every morning before the business opens. Other raw materials will be delivered twice a week depending on future product demand and stored in refrigerators or freezers. All employees must deliver our products to customers in a friendly and professional manner. This will be achieved by training our employees to focus on being customer friendly. Products must also be presented in attractive packaging that must remain undamaged. Manufacturing Methods There will be a range of activities involved in transforming raw materials into Prima Pizzas finished goods and then delivering the product to the customer. This cycle involves different stages, which include: inbound logistics, operations, and outbound logistics. Manufacturing process for a pizza: Goods received- raw materials required for the manufacture of pizza bases and the tomato base sauce. Mix dough ingredients. Blend tomatoes together. Kneaded in the dough machine. Mix all the ingredients for base sauce. Storing the dough balls in the right temperature for base. Store the tomato base sauce ready for use. Finished goods: dough ready to be rolled out into base. Apply tomato sauce onto base then add required toppings. Logistics Logistics is the process in which goods are transformed into products ready for customers. Prima Pizzas logistics will involve the regular delivery of goods that through a process of stages will eventually become ready for consumption. Logistics can be split into two, inbound logistics and outbound logistics. These two types, mentioned in more detail later on, are very different. Inbound logistics is the transportation and storage of the raw materials. Outbound logistics is based on the process of transferring the finished goods to the customers. Logistics is very important when running a business. Very often the outcome of a new business is determined by how well their logistics system works. Inbound Logistics This involves receiving our raw materials from the suppliers. The suppliers will deliver fresh goods daily to the business premises. When the goods are received all the employees on shift will help sort and store the received goods. The majority of the raw materials will be stored in the kitchen refrigerators ready to be used. Operations The raw materials will be transformed into the finished products. The dough ingredients will be put into the dough mixer and on completion will be ready to be made into the pizza bases. The topping will be removed from the refrigerators and distributed into containers ready to be used. Outbound Logistics The activity will include two aspects of Prima Pizza. As the business is a fast food takeaway, the products will be served at the counter. As this time the customer can choose to either eat-in of take the product away with them. Delivery service will an important part of Prima Pizzas service. To enable us to provide the pizzas at the highest quality, we must ensure that the packaging used to will keep the product in the same condition it was when it was first made. We will also aim to minimize the travel time it takes to get to the destination.

Meeting the Needs

Respectful educators will include all children; not just children who are easy to work with, obliging, endearing, clean, pretty, articulate, capable but every child- respecting them for who they are, respecting their language, their culture, their history, their families, their abilities, their needs, their names, their ways and their very essence (Nutbrown, 1996, p.54).In relation to the quote discuss the following: 1- Illustrate your essay with one specific group for example children with specific medical difficulties, behaviour problems, etc. Consider the personal, social and emotional factors and their impact on self esteem. 2- What constitute appropriate policy and good practice to ensure all children experience a positive learning environment? Consider the community, school and the individual. Within education, our society can be seen to ensure that all children, including those who have medical difficulties or behavioural problems feel a sense of belonging within education and are not ignored, although this could be seen as untrue by others.As quoted above a successful school practice would support all young children not excluding any for its aim of providing a desirable development and successful practice for the children â€Å"This is an†¦ anti-discriminatory practice which is a fundamental requirement in the delivery of services to all children (Thompson, 2001), this can be seen to be the main aim of a practice as it is where all needs are met without any child in a mainstream school can undergo inclusion. A major contribution to this has been the framework, The Index of Inclusion â€Å"Provides materials that support schools by critically examining their policies and practices, and guides them through a process of development towards inclusive education (Richards and Armstrong, pg.8, 2011).It is not legally enforced but a helpful guide to help schools progress in a positive change. The commitment to challenge and promote social justice within school education for children with disabilities had a particular interest challenged by (Oliver, 1990). Also referring to the quote above, practitioners working with children within education tend to work with all children having medical difficulties or not or any reason, supporting these pupils in order for them thrive. Appropriate policy and good practice is important for maintaining a positive learning environment  for all children. It is seen that agencies such as the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) which takes inclusive education seriously, by being responsive to diversity and reducing exclusion in education, will be put into practice.Then in 1999, Department for Education and Skills (DfES), now the Department for Education (DfE), focused on all children having a chance and also supporting schools to ensure that the pupils have been positively supported all this will be discussed within this essay. The Green Paper: 2011 is an official document based on proposals made by the government for children and young children who have special educational needs or a disability in order to improve their outcomes and be provided with support. This official paper is not only about the children but also based on their families, teachers, etc. this document which addresses special educational needs â€Å"removes the bias towards inclusion† (Department of Education and Skills 2012).I will be focusing on the study of young children with Autism, Autism can be called by many different forms, for example Asperger’s Syndrome, it is based on the constant attention which can be seen as challenging behaviour and correction in how they believe and the interactions around them socially, in the sense that they are given more special care and a greater number of help than ‘normal’ students, frequent visits to doctors leave them feeling as though they are constantly being watched or investigated, affecting their sel f-esteem.I will be discussing whether children who are educated are respected and encouraged whatever their medical condition may be and how their self-esteem could be impacted using the quote above. Autism and Asperger syndrome was first identified in the 1930’s and it based on atypical structure and/or neutral transmission processes of the brain. They comprise of Autistic disorder; Asperger’s syndrome; Rett’s disorder; childhood disintegrative disorder and pervasive development. A complex syndrome that can be described as having many different brain disorders with similar characteristics.A child can be diagnosed as having autism based from the age of three if they are displaying â€Å"(1) significant delay or inappropriate use of language; (2) failure to develop normal social relationships and interactions; and (3) obsessive or ritualistic, repetitive behaviours† (Wilson, p.101, 2010). Many children are seen to acute sensory abilities, from extreme to m ild in the sense that in the classroom some  children can ignore or block out the noise in the classroom as they may find the noise irritating and/or distracting. Autistic children hypersensitivity may cause them to find it painful and overwhelming when being touched by others.However the most evident characteristic young children with autism is the failure to develop social communication, they may avoid direct eye contact with others which could often be misinterpreted as not paying attention or being interested in other people, this could cause many challenging with educators in ensuring the child is progressing well in class. â€Å"It has been argued that Early Education at its best is inclusive education† (Nutbrown 1985) this statement can be seen as true as inclusive educations provides the child an environment which ensures them to feel accepted and support them and avoids any time of exclusion which could affect the child’s self-esteem.However, â€Å"By defin ition, children with special educational needs have significantly greater difficulty with learning than the majority of children of the sage age† (Wilson, p.29, 2010) children working with other children who do not have special educational needs can be seen to be automatically excluded as the pace in which they learn would be different and the children would be progressing at different paces, as children with autism may display challenging behaviour. Children with medical difficulties such as Autism may feel a sense of dis-belonging and their self-esteem will be affected as they would be marginalised against the schooling system as they are seen to be very vulnerable. The child does not see themselves as a member of a particular group and follows their own interest rather than that of the other children in the playgroup.Young children including those with special educational needs rely on their educators as well as their parents support and encouragement in order for them to f eel happy, confident and secure. Within an educational setting, this is important to establish as it develops their feeling of self-esteem from the reactions and responses by people as they feel accepted by them in order for these children to feel as a participant within the establishment. It is seen that many children with special educational needs, in relation, children with autism suffer from self-esteem and self-identity problems.Children with autism are seen to be expected to have lower levels of basic literacy and numeracy skills compared to their peers. As these children with SEN may already suffer from self-esteem issues it will be essential to  establish affective development during education however this also applies to all children. Their needs may not be met by educators who follow the National Curriculum (Department for Education and Skills, 2005, p.5). Their ability to have difficulty in understanding what they are being taught may lead to low self-esteem, low levels of concentration and underdeveloped social skills (Ibid., p.5).The traditional way of thinking of children with mild autism is that they are the same as their neuro-typical peers but yet they have something missing, a definition like this does not explore the fact that these children also have outstanding achievements and original thought process which may cause them to low self-esteem and are not supported by their peers therefore developing emotional and behavioural problems in order to support these children accessing equal opportunities in the education system, the educators, parents and others will work closely together to ensure the student is supported emotionally and socially.Students with autism are seen to work well with repeated short structured teaching sessions where the focus would be on working on skills such as social interaction with the educators being sensitive to the child’s needs. Intensive interaction can be used in order to develop and encourage the ch ild within the education system. A principle of intensive interaction (Hewett and Nind, 1998) is that it is necessary to develop the child’s ability to enjoy the company of others, and to develop his understanding of how to interact with others and how to communicate. Short sessions for the child is used to develop their communication skills and encourage learning, which is essential for accessing equal opportunities to the education system.Using this approach, the progress of pupils with autism has been assessed and reported (Nind, 1999). Working with children with autism within the education system may require the educators to be very sensitive to the emotional, physical and personal needs of the child. Working with social situations tend to be difficult for these students however with accessing equal opportunities putting the child with a small group of pupils with sensitively can ensure that the child adapts largely to the social aspects of being with group and the activi ties taking place, gradually both the task and the level of social interaction needed can be increased in complexity.Whether or not time is allocated to work on children’s affective functioning too often depends on adventitious encounters with  teachers who have been converted to the need to address such areas. It is time – as a profession – that we all recognised, for example, the need to give adequate time ‘to working on the self’. It is iniquitous for us not to undertake this task. As educators, are we called upon to educate the ‘whole’ child? If not, who looks after the neglected parts? (Charlton and Jones, 1990, p149) It may be impossible to provide a positive learning environment if the child is suffering from affective problems and a range of potential casual factors do not exist.Until the last few years, affective development has not been evident within curriculum documents and guidance but, as suggested, if these documents ar e not addressed, the idea on educators basing the lessons taught of the children’s abilities would pointless as the child’s abilities to access that curriculum may be severely compromised. Practitioners should therefore acknowledge the affective needs of young children and respond to them appropriately, thus enabling successful and confident individuals and learners who can maximise the potential of the learning opportunities presented to them.Practioners within the education system in order to enhance positive self-esteem within the children should have knowledge in the area of the children affective development in the sense that they would use a system which all the children are valued and respected in order for their learning styles to progress. The use of consistent structure and routine for children with autism is essential as stability is needed in order for them to reach their full potential. Difficulties may arise for the child if they left without feeling valu ed and respected, educators would need to treat all children along with those who have Special educational needs and positive experiences of learning with a level of confidence that will enhance their self-esteem, and working with the parents would enhance this.Within Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) which believes that in order for children to succeed Practioners would need to consider areas of affective development. This is reinforced in the EYFS documentation which states that â€Å"children must be provided with experiences and support which will help them to develop a positive sense of themselves and of others; respect others; social skills; and positive disposition to learn. Practioners must ensure support for children’s social emotional well-being to help them to know themselves and what they can do (DCSF, 2008:24).The practitioners can then focus on the guidance given and  practice observing, recording and informing planning certain area such as self-esteem, sel f-confidence and behaviour and social control. It is seen that children with special educational needs find it more difficult to access equal opportunities in the education system. â€Å"The less academically able continue to suffer disproportionately from whatever chronic or acute problems affect the education service (Department of Education and Science 1991, p.2). These young children will find it difficult to develop positively and use education as a learning curve. These young children tend to be brought up from a poor background with families who do not have the requirements to send their children to schools that focus more on individual needs as the society’s values and priorities reflect of the school.It is seen that in order to access equal opportunities individuals will practice working with educators of the education system. For example, families of the children will work with the practitioners in order to provide the relevant and effective early childhood interve ntion. The educators should be able to work with the child with special educational needs and their families, setting challenging but achievable targets. Families modify their lives around multiple professional services and when they are given peace of mind that their child is in a healthy environment they will respond to this positively. It is seen that autistic people have been labelled as ‘too challenged’ or even ‘too difficult’ to work in a classroom, and as a result they are denied access to the very public services which are designed to support them.This could hinder their self-esteem which may cause them to deal their intense feelings in a way which can be seen as ‘inappropriate’. There are higher numbers of autistic people who attempt suicide (Bernard et al, 2000). These autism people are seen to commit suicide more than those without a disorder as they experience exclusion and are denied opportunities which can make life difficult for them in life. Challenging behaviour has come down to many different factors to challenging behaviour to work inclusively with children with specific special education needs as attention hyperactivity deficit disorder (ADHD) or autistic spectrum disorder. Educators would need to explore two main models of disability: the medial and social models.The medical model involved the child being ‘blamed’ or described as ‘ill’. No account is taken of external factors such as environment (Frederickson and Cline 2009; Garner 2009). The social model has  a more inclusive approach blaming society , is seen to create barriers which could prevent children from learning opportunities. The UK government Green Paper ‘Meeting the Childcare Challenge’ (May 1998) established a ‘National Childcare Strategy’ and proposed inclusive provision where possible for children with special needs (Sestini, 2001).Commonly, institutions are giving out the same reso urces into all their branches and it is seen that these services should be made accessible and appropriate for all children, including children with special educational needs. It is seen that the one to one approach regarding children would maximise the equal opportunities for individuals accessing the education system. Though this service, the educator can encourage and support the child with autism in order to increase their social skills, these one-to-one sessions can be blended with other activities and routine within the classroom which can challenge the child from feeling a lack of acceptance and a sense of social inclusion.Lewis (2000) poses questions which can be addressed towards an inclusive education ‘How far is it leniable to assume that the education system as presently constituted provides a healthy environment for all, let alone the most vulnerable? (p.202). He explains the importance of quality should be stressed. Problems in the past are involved within the se tting however it is stressed that they should not deter educators from including special educational needs children in inclusive setting. â€Å"The need for teachers to step beyond the classroom and to work with children and families in the context of the community† (Wilson, 2003), this is goes by working with outside organisations which comes with extra challenges as well as benefits.Professionals need to work from the premise that ‘each family has its own culture and a unique set of strengths, values, skills, expectations, and service needs’ (Bailey, 1994, p.28) White working with children in order to ensure the child undergoes positive development it is essential for the parent involvement to be on the same level of progress as the educators focus of the individualized needs of the parents, these are seen as critical involvement as it is important, to establish family education and involvement options to them. With the requirements placed by the government on teachers in mainstream schools for children with special educational needs, SEN work has now officially been recognised as central to the teaching and learning function of schools.In the past, there were not many  studies undertaken on the guidance requirements of the code of practice. Until recent years throughout the period of 1995-2000 (Evans, Docking, Bentley and Evans 1995, Lewis, Neil and Campbell 1996, OFSED 1996, Demington, Evans and Lee 1996, Davis, Garner and Lee 1998). This work was able to show the tensions in the Code of Practice and although many SENCO’s spoke of not having enough time to follow the procedures of the code, overtime SEN work is now recognised as a respected policy. In reference to the quote above, â€Å"inclusive education† is subject to all learners, members of the school, college and wider community.By this, all learns do not refer to those who â€Å"have special needs† or a vulnerable, but by means every child and their essence in order to develop healthily. To ensure that all students experience a positive learning education, the term ‘inclusive education’ must be put into place within schools. Educators have to ensure that if there is a diversity of students within the classroom; including those with different ethnic and class backgrounds, their rights and interests should be explored. The term ‘inclusive education’ refers to all the learners being successful, being pushed to their full potential.For a vast majority of disabled pupils under the policy of School Action/School Action Plus their ‘needs are met’ through mainstream schools to ensure that all children are successfully included. The quote above refers to inclusion within schools, which over the years but mostly the last decade has significantly developed in terms of the legislation and research. This has seen to begin from Warnock report (DES, 1978) which discussed progressive movements towards an inclusi ve education system for all children. For inclusion to be effective pupils must actively belong to be welcomed by and participate in a school and community that they should be fully included.As young children with autism lack more social skills within society it is seen that the social understanding of these children with special needs in the inclusive classroom is of special concern. As research indicates ‘as a group of children with disabilities are at relatively risk for peer rejection than typically developing children’ (Odom, 2000, p.21) Good practice to ensure an educative system under positive learning would be full participation for all the children in all aspects of the provision. All children would have the opportunity to engage actively within the classroom with the teachers and their classmates being positively welcomed and participating.It is  seen that in order to ensure all children experience a positive learning environment the need of effective policy and practice is needed in order to provide a successful learning experience for them. In terms of young children with special education needs in England, according to the revised Special Educational Needs, Code of Practice, children do have a great difficult in learning than a majority of children so it is important to establish this. Promoting individual talents, interests and ensuring an appropriate learning experience could be seen as one of the primary responsibilities of the early childhood personnel when working with all children of all personalities and development.This requires a close observation of the children to ensure the experiences is a success and if any children overtime is lacking in development the educators find a solution quickly. This includes the children’s interests with others and their environment being alternative to their peers and teachers etc. Most children struggle from anxiety when moving from the transition of home to a learning environment a nd which is normally greater for children with special educational needs. Therefore practitioners and educators need to practice a positive programme that can make the transition easily on both sides â€Å"A programme philosophy should reflect should practice, research and theory related to young children and their characteristics† (Wilson, 2003).This is needed to establish the key educational sources in order to establish on environment where the child understands they are a valued part of a group and where the educators’ are in situations that are appropriate to each child needs and abilities. Overall, pupils within mainstream society are seen to need attention when being educated so they obtain what is needed in order for them to succeed. Working in an education system without induction creates full participation with all pupils in order to achieve a successful mainstream experience. With the educators provide a social and emotional environment without the complex a ctivities.Many services when integrating early childhood services and special educational needs undergo services designed to integrate all aspects of children for an inclusive education â€Å"In the classroom, the early childhood teacher needs to facilitate the interactions children have with toys, materials, activities, peers and adults†, These interactions will lead to the child â€Å"developing understanding about the world and the way it works, and help children gain feelings of  self-worth and competency† (Wilson, 2003, p.23). Children with SEN would not be able to make progressive developing, this includes all children, this is why many policies have been put into place to ensure the various dimensions within a mainstream schools has been explored to ensure initiated learning.

My aim in life Essay

â€Å"A year from now you may wish you had started today.† This is a translated quote from my loving grandmother. Life should be tied into aims to achieve happiness. I believe we must have an aim in life, or our life might become full of regrets and disappointment. Like all other successful people in the world I have goals, too; and they are well written in my journal. My long term goal is to become a professional petroleum engineer, and win the Nobel Peace prize. I am a very dedicated member of this universe. This world is my home, and ‘you’ll’ are my family. My passion is helping, and I will incorporate my passion with my profession of engineering to bring peace in my ‘home.’ I want to work on fossil fuel, the world’s largest energy source, and make the best use of this source for my ‘family.’ One day I want to proudly state that, â€Å"my investment of time in education brought peace in this world.† Generally speaking, I have always wanted to become an engineer. I have also wanted to become an international person. I was born in Bangladesh, and came to the United States of America for higher education. I visited several other countries, and want to visit more. I want to learn the mutual understanding of people from every corner of the world, and want to understand their need. I am a leader, a volunteer, and also a follower. Through working with several international organizations, I have come to know that our world needs more helping hands. I have a dream of running a project, where I will inspire people from everywhere to dream big and to believe in their aspirations. Because I believe our wish can become true only if we can believe that we ‘can.’ As my blueprint of life reads, I want to be the best petroleum engineer this world has ever seen. Petroleum engineers design and develop methods for extracting oil and gas from deposits below the earth’s surface. Petroleum engineers also find new ways to extract oil and gas from older wells. Oil and gas has both positive and negative impact in the world economy. These energy sources are something that we rely on everyday of our lives. My goal is to bring this source of energy to a level where it will be more accessible. Inspiration is a must. Dr. Muhammad Yunus, Nobel Peace Prize winner from Bangladesh, has inspired me to work for the peace of this world. He proved how possible it is to catch the dream of life; which is not winning the Nobel Prize but to win the heart of every person in the world. What else can we expect from our life? Isn’t the happiness lying beneath it? I will dedicate my education, my earnings, and my life for this lovely family. Each ‘thank you’ I earn from people will be my Nobel Peace Prize. My life’s agenda’s ending says, â€Å"Believe in yourself buddy. I know you do not have any regret in life.† I believe nothing is impossible if I have the power of will. As my plan is to fuse together my passion and goal, I know I will create my own happiness, and also impact the world that I consider my family. My goals will provide my ‘family’ a better place to live. My goals will provide my ‘family’ to find peace, and my goals will inspire everyone to become their best selves.

What Recommendations Would You Make to Senior Marketing...

Case 1 Disaster Recovery at Marshall Field’s (Another Chicago River Story) Early in the morning on April 13, 1992, basements in Chicago’s downtown central business district began to flood. A hole the size of an automobile had developed between the river and an adjacent abandoned tunnel. The tunnel, built in the early 1900s for transporting coal, runs throughout the downtown area. When the tunnel flooded, so did the basements connected to it, some 272 in all, including that of major retailer Marshall Field’s. The problem was first noted at 5:30 A.M. by a member of the Marshall Field’s trouble desk who saw water pouring into the basement. The manager of maintenance was notified and immediately took charge. His first actions were†¦show more content†¦3. Who was (were) the project manager(s) and what was his or her (their) responsibility? Who was assigned to the project team and why were they on the team? 4. Comment on the appropriateness of using disaster recovery efforts such as this. 5. What form of project management (basic, program, and so on) does this case most closely resemble? Case 2 Flexible Benefits System Implementation at Quick Medical Center The management committee of Quick Medical Center wanted to reduce the cost and improve the value and service of its employee benefits coverage. To accomplish this it decided to procure and implement a new benefits system. The new system would have no meet four goal; improved responsiveness to employee needs, added benefits flexibility, better cost management, and greater coordination of human resource objectives with business strategies. A multifunctional team of 13 members was formed by selecting representatives of departments at Quick that would rely most on the new system—Human Resources (HR), Financial Systems (FS), and Information Services (IS). Representation from each department was important to assuring all departmental needs would be met. 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